Airflow Obstruction (AFO) in mild, moderate, and severe asthma: associations with small airway disease, clinical characteristics and Type2 biomarkers

Airflow obstruction (AFO) and preserved ratio impaired spirometry phenotype in asthma have been associated with more exacerbations, poorer symptoms, use of ICS, and small airway dysfunction (SAD) [Cottini et al,2025]. Here we present analysis of AFO across severities of asthma in a cross-sectional asthma cohort prior to enrolment in the MAPLE-UK longitudinal study.